Constitution of india .article 15

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               Constitution of india .article 15 

Namaskar dosto svagat hai apka hamre blog par aaj ham baat karenge article 15 ke bare mai

Bhartiy savidhaan sabse bade loktantr ka dharm granth hai or isi se sanchalit hota hai bharat ka loktantr . savidhan mai janha desh ke niti niyantao ko desh ke sanchaln ke liye disha nirdesh diye gaye hai vanhi desh ki janta ki buniyadi savtantrtao or loktantr ko bahal rakhne ke liye phi khas pravdhan kiye gaye hai .savidhan mai bhartiye  nagriko ki buniyadi savtantrtao or smanta ka adhikar sunishit karne ke liye savidhan ke nirmatao ne molik adhikar ki rachna ki . iske antargat her bhartiye ke molik adhikaro ki raksha karne ki baat ki gsi hai molik adhikaro ki charcha article  12 se article 15 tak ki gai hai isme article 15 kafi mahtavpurn hai , jisme samanta ke adhikar ki baat ki gai hai

Aaj ham isi article 15 ki baat karenge her lihaj se is article kaq mksad or mahtav sath hi sath baat karenge molik adhikaro ki ,to ayiye shuru karte aaj ka Vishay …..artical 15

Ek filam ki vajah se ek artical  abhi charcha mai bna hua hai ji han ham baat kar rahe hai article 15 ki

Article 15 savidhan se mila ham eek molik adhikar hai . jiske tahat her nagrik ko ye adhikar diya gaya hai ki uske sath dharm jati ling sthan or vansh ke adhar par Kisi phi prakar ka bhedbhav nahi kiya ja sakta

Hamari sansdiye prdanli mai savidhan sabse upar hai . savidhan ke jariye hi her nagrik ko kuch adhikar hansil hote hai . hamare savidhan mai sabhi nagriko ko bina Kisi bhedbhav ke molik adhikar diye gaye hai . in adhikaro ka maksad ye hai ki her nagrik samman ke sath apna jeevan ji sake or Kisi ke sath Kisi phi adhar par bhedbhav Na HO  . savidhan ke bhag 3 mai article 12 se lakar article 35 ke beech molik adhikaro ka jikar hai . ye ese adhikar hai jo vyakti ke vyaktitav ke purn vikas ke liye behad jaruri hai or jinke bina manushay apna purn vikas nahi kar sakta . savidhan mai har nagrik ko 6 molik adhikar mile hue hai . inme se smanta ka adhikar sabase pahle hai , article 14 se article 18 ke beech smanta ke adhikar ka pravdhan hai ,yani ki ham kah skate hai ki article 15 is smanta ke adhikar ka hisa hai

Ab ham samjhane ki koshish karte hai ki savidhan ke article 15 mai hai kya , article 15 mai dharm mulay jati ling ya janam sthan ke adhar par bhedbhav nishedh kiya hai , is article ke tahat 4 bhag hai ,

 sabse pahle baat article 15 {1} – isme kaha Gaya hai ki – rajay Kisi nagrik ke virudh ke keval dharm , mulvansh , jaati , ling , janamsthan, ya inme se Kisi ke adhar par koi vibhed nahi karega , yani is artical ke jariye ye sunishchit kiya gaya hai ki desh ke Kisi nagrik ke sath ling, jaati , mulvansh , dharm ke adhar par Kisi prakar ka koi bhedbhav nahio hoga .

ab baat article 15 {2} ki – isme kaha gaya hai ki – koi nagrik keval dharm , mulvansh , jaati , ling, janamsthan , ya  inme se Kisi ke adhar par

{A} dukano , sarvjanik bhojnalyo , hotalo , or sarvjanik manoranjan ke sthano mai pravesh ya

{B} purntay ya anshat rajay nidhi se poshit ya sadharan janta ke prayog ke liye samrpit talabo, sananghato , sadako or public rijotas ke sathano ke upyog ke sambandh mai Kisi phi ayogyata , dayitav nirbandhan ya shart ke adhin nahi hoga |

Savidhan ke is hisse se sapashat hai ki Kisi bhi nagrik ko sirf dharm , mulvansh , jaati , ling , sthan ke adhar par sarvjanik hotalo , sarvjanil jagaho par koi bhedbhav nahi kiya ja sakta , sath hi sarkari fund se bni talabo , kuon , sadko, or  palic rijot mai jane se nahi roka ja sakta

Article 15 {3}  mai ye pravdhan kiya gaya hai ki – is article ki koi baat rajay ko istreeyon or baccho ke liye koi vishesh upbandh karne se nivarit nahi karegi

Is article ki ye baat ek tarah se ek apvaad hai – yani mahilaon or baccho ko is clous mai apvaad ke roop mai dekha gaya hai , rajayo ko is baat ki ijajat hogi ki vo mahilao ke liye pravdhan kar sakti hai or baccho ke liye nishulk shiksha or mahila arakshan jese pravdhan isi ke antargat ate hai

Yani article 15 {3} ke mutabik mahilao or baccho ke liye special provision bnaye jaye to article 15 esa karne se nahi rok sakta

Article 15 {4} kahta hai ki- is article ki ya article 29 ke bhag {2}  Ki koi bhi  baat rajay ko samajik or shekshik drishati se pichade  hue nagriko ke kinhi vargo ki unati ke liye ya anusuchit jatiyo or anusuchit janjatiyon ke liye koi vishesh upbandh karne se nahi rokegi | isme sc/st , obc , pichade nagriko ke liye special provision bhi kiya ja sakta hai –

Jese – seato ka rijarvation

Is pravdhan ka maksad hai ki sc/st samuday ke liye ya samajik or shrkshik tor par pichade varg ke logo ke liye sarkart pre or special provision kar sakti hai

Ayiye ab jante hai ki article 15 ka mahtav  ham logo ke liye kya hai or iska maksad kya hai –

Article 15 ka mahtav – hamara savidhan her deshavshi ki bhavna ka pratik hai , lambe sangharsh ke baad mili ajadi ko sda banaye rakhne ke liye vo shashtr jo hamesha apne nagriko ke samman or adhikaro ki raksha karta hai bharat sadiyo ki rudhiyon or samajik kuritiyon se jakda hua tha , apni samridh sanskriti ki khubi ke bavjud jaati vyavstha or dhrmo mai bta hua tha , desh mai vyapt jaat paat ki bhavna or chuachuot desh ki vaikas mai sabse bde avrodhak ke roop mai sabit ho rahe the isliye hamare purvajo ne eke se bharta ka sapna dekha jiske sabhi nagrik saman ho , or desh ki tarakki mai apna sahyog de sake . isi maksad se savidhan mai molik adhikaro ka smavesh kiya gaya , savidhan mai article 15 sabse mahtavpurn hai

Desh mai  shanti or kanoon vyavstha bani rahe iske liye rajay ko nagriko par niyantran bnaye rakhne ki shakti mili hai . rajay shakti ka prayog nagriko ke adhikar or savtantrata ko avrudh karne main a kare iske liye nagriko ko bhi rajayo ke virudh adhikar diye gaye hai . mul adhikar rajayo ke adhikar ko bhi simit karne tor par bhi dekha jata hai . vanhi ajadi ke pahale bharat mai samaj ke vo tabke jo samajik upeksha ke shikar hue . article 15 unke liye ek dhal bna

Maksad or mahatav :-

Pichade or shoshit logo ko shashakt bnane ka kaam

Or rajayo kop ye adhikar diya ki vo samaj ke kamjor vargo jese mahilao , bacche , samajik or shekshik tor par pichade logo  , anusuchit jaati , anusuchit janjaati ke uthan or raksha ke liye vishesh pravdhan bna sake

Article 15 jese savedhenik adhikar ko molik adhikar islioye kaha jata hai kayonki inhe desh ke savidhan mai sthan doya gaya hai

Savidhan mai sanshodhan ki prikriya ke atirikat unme Kisi prakar ka sanshodhan nahi kiya ja sakta

Ye adhikar vyakti ke partyek paksh ke vikas hetu mul roop mai avashayak hai

Inke abhav mai vyakti ke vyaktitav ka vikas avrudh ho jayega  , in adhikaro ka ulanghan nahi kiya ja sakta

Molik adhikar nyay yogay hai or samaj ke parteyak vyakti ko sman roop se prapt hote hai

Sadharan kanooni adhiakro or molik adhikaro mai antar hai . jiske mutabik sadharan kanooni adhikar rajay dvara lagu kiya jata hai

Or unki rajay dvara raksha ki jati hai , jabki molik adhikaro ko desh ke savidhan dvara lagu kiya jata hai , or savidhan dvara hi surakshit kiya jata hai

Sadharan kanooni adhikaro mai vidhan mandal dvara parivartan kiye ja skate hai

Lakin molik adhikaro mai parivartan karne ke lioye – savidhan mai parivartan avashayak hai .

Article 15 rajay ko ye bhi adhikar deta hai ki samajik or shekshik roop se pichade , anusuchit jaati or anusuchit janjaati ke chatro ko private sansthano mai dakhile ke liye pravdhan kare

Iske ilava pass hone hetu dakhile ke liye ank mai riyayat or shulk mafi , arakshan dene ka adhikar bhi rajay ko article 15 se hi mila hai

Vanhi SEBC { samajik – aarthik roop se pichadi jaati } , anusuchit jaati or anusuchjit janjaati ke chatro or kanyaon ko school or college mai dakhile ke liye seat arakshit karne ka adhikar article 15 {3} or 15 {4} mai sunishchit kiya hai

Esa hi vishesh adhikar sarkari nokriyon mai bhi diya gaya hai . jisse upekshit varg ke nagriko ka samajik uthan ho jo article 16{3} or 16 {4} mai nihit hai

Articale 15 ka palan behtar dhang se ho ise sunishchit karne ke liye kai kanoon bnaye gaye hai jese-

Anusuchit jaati or anusuchit janjaati { atyachar nirodhak } adhiniyam 1989

Hindu utradhikar adhiniyam 1956   , matritav labh adhiniyam 1961

Mahilao ka karysathal par langik utpidan {nivaran or nishedh } adhiniyam 2013  , divyangta adhikar adhiniyam 2016

Mantal health care act 2017  . shamil hai

Agar in kanoono ka palan nahi hota to dand ka pravdhasn bhi kiya gaya hai is tarah molik adhikaro ki raksha hoti hai , vanhi molik adhikaro ke bare mai jagrukta lane ke liye school or college ke baccho ke pathaykram mai savidhan ko shamil karne par sarkar vichar kar rahi hai

Ayiye ab jante hai molik adhikaro ke bare mai :-
 

Mul savidhan mai bhartiye nagriko Ko 7 molik adhikar pradan kiye gaye hai . LaKIN 44 ve savidhan sanshodhan ke jariye sanmpati ke adhikar ko molik adhikaro se hatakar samanay kanooni adhikar bna ditya gaya , iske baad se bhartiye nagriko ko 6 molik adhikar diye gaye . inme :-

1. Samanata ka adhikar

2. Savtantarta ka adhikar

3. Shoshan ke virudh adhikar

4. Dharmik savantrta ka adhikar

5. Sanskriti or shiksha ka adhikar

6. Savedhanik upcharo ka adhikar

Savidhan mai article 12 se lakar article 35 tak mul adhikar ki charcha ki gai hai , article 12 mai mul adhikar ki paribhasha  di gai hai , jabki article 13 ko mul adhikaro se asangat or unko simit karne vali vidhiyo ke bare mai charcha ki gai hai

Vanhi article 14 se lakar article 18 tak mai samanata ke adhikar ki baat kahi gai hai , article 14 mai kanoon ke samaksh samta ka pravdhan kiya hai , iske tahat rajay Kisi bhi vyakti ko kanoon ke samaksh samanata or sarakshan se vanchit nahi karega

Yani rajay sabhi vyaktiyo ke liye ek saman kanoon bnayega or sabhi par saman dhang se lagu karega

Jabki article 15 mai dharm , mulvansh , jaati , ling , ya janm sthan ke adhar par bhedbhav ka nished karta hai

Vanhi article 16 mai ye lok niyojan ke Vishay mai avsar ki smanata hogi yani rajay ke adhin Kisi pad par niyukti se sambandhit vishayo mai sabhi nagriko ke liye  avasar ki smanat hogi , lakin iske tahat rajay ko ye adhiokar hai ki vo rajkiy sevao ke liye avashayak yogyata nirdharit kar sakta hai

Article 17 ke tahat asprishayata ka ant kiya gaya hai or ise dandniye apradh ghoshit kiya hai .

Jabki article 18 ke tahat upadhiyon ka ant kiya gaya hai

Iske mutabik sena ya vidha sambandhi samman ke sivay anay koi bhi upadhi rajay dvara pradan nahi ki jayegi

Iske baad  article 32 mai savedhanik upcharo ke adhikaro kicharcha ki gai hai jise dr bhimrav ambedkar ne savidhan ki atama kaha hai , is article ke tahat desh ke nagriko ko apna molik adhikar lagu karane ke liye suprim courtb or high court mai avedan karne ka adhikar pradan kiya gaya hai

Aaj ke Vishay mai itna hi umeed hai apko aaj ka ye ank pasand aya ayega . aap hame follow bhi kar skate hai email subscription ke dvara . aaj ke liye itna hi namaskar . dhanayvad

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Milan Tomic

Hi. I’m Designer of Blog Magic. I’m CEO/Founder of ThemeXpose. I’m Creative Art Director, Web Designer, UI/UX Designer, Interaction Designer, Industrial Designer, Web Developer, Business Enthusiast, StartUp Enthusiast, Speaker, Writer and Photographer. Inspired to make things looks better.

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